Journal Of Islamic Denominations

Journal Of Islamic Denominations

A Critique of al-Shinqiti’s View on the Methodology for Understanding God's Transmitted Attributes

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
1 Level-4 seminary student, Women’s Seminary, Fatima al-Zahra Specialized Center, Khorasgan, Isfahan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Quran and Hadith, Hazrat Masoumeh University, Qom, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Center for Islamic Studies and Persian Literature, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
10.22034/jid.2025.484726.2528
Abstract
Achieving religious knowledge requires considering all available methods, sources, and conventional human cognitive tools alongside the revealed texts. Restricting interpretation to a single method or source can hinder a proper understanding of the Qur’an’s meanings and the truths of religion. This study examines and critiques al-Shinqiti’s views on the epistemological sources and methods for understanding the truths of the Quran, with a focus on the ṣifāt khabariyya (God’s transmtitted attributes). The research follows a narrative and analytical approach. Al-Shinqiti’s reliance on the apparent meanings of scriptural texts, and his mistrust of other human cognitive faculties in religious epistemology, exposes his interpretation to significant challenges. These include falling into epistemological relativism regarding reason’s role, producing self-contradictory propositions, and embracing methodological exclusivism in the pursuit of religious knowledge. Such issues are evident in his Aḍwāʾ al-Bayān exegesis of the QUran.
Keywords
Subjects

The Noble Quran.
Nahj al-Balagha.
Ahmadi Bighash, Khadijeh. 1400 Sh. “Ravish-shināsī-yi taʾvīl-i kalāmī-yi Shinqiti dar tafsīr Aḍwāʾ al-bayān.” Pazhūhishnāmi-yi taʾvīlāt-i Qurʾānī, no. 7: 10-28.
Akhavan Moghadam, Zohreh, Marzieh Saadati, and Seyed Majid Nabavi. 1401 Sh. “Barrasī-yi muqāyisiʾī-yi mabānī, manābiʿ va girāyish-i tafsīrī-yi Muḥammad Ḥusayn Ṭabāṭabāʾī va Muhammad Amin Shinqiti.”Pazhūhishnāmi-yi madhāhib-i Islāmī, no. 18: 265-89.
Allahbedashti, Ali and Amir Hossein Mirza Abolhasani. 1395 Sh. “Taḥlīl va naqd-i dīdgāh-i Salafiyya dar arzish-i maʿrifatshinākhtī-yi ʿaql dar ḥawzi-yi maʿrifat-i dīnī.” Qabasāt, no. 79: 85-108.
Asadinasab, Mohammad Ali. 1401 Sh. Mabānī-yi Qurʾānshinākhtī-yi ʿilm-i dīnī bā taʾkīd bar ʿulūm-i dīnī. Tehran: Research Institute for Islamic Culture and Thought.
Erfan, Sajjad and Mohammad Moeinifar. 1400 Sh. “Majāz dar Qurʾān az manẓar-i Shinqiti; taḥlīl-i intiqādī.” Salafī-Pazhūhī, no. 14, 133–50.
Farrāhīdī, Khalīl b. Aḥmad. 1414 AH. Al-ʿAyn. Qom: Bāqirī.
Ghaeminia, Alireza. 1392 Sh. Qurʾān va maʿrifatshināsī. Tehran: Research Institute for Islamic Culture and Thought.
Hosseinzadeh, Mohammad. 1394 Sh. Manābiʿ-i maʿrifat. Qom: Imam Khomeini Education and Research Institute.
Ibn Manẓūr, Muḥammad b. Mukarram. 1414 AH. Lisān al-ʿArab. Beirut: Dār Ṣādir.
Ibn Sīnā, Ḥusayn. 1392 Sh. Al-Ishārāt wa-l-tanbīhāt. Translated by Hassan Malekshahi. Tehran: IRIB Press.
Ibn Taymiyya, Taqī al-Dīn. 1411 AH. Darʾ al-taʿāruḍ bayn al-ʿaql wa-l-naql. Edited by Muḥammad Rashād Sālim. Saudi Arabia: Jāmiʿat al-Imām Muḥammad b. Saʿūd al-Islāmiyya.
Ibn Taymiyya, Taqī al-Dīn. 1416 AH. Majmūʿ al-Fatāwā. Medina: Majmaʿ al-Malik Fahd.
Javadi Amoli, Abdollah. 1372 Sh. Sharīʿat ar āyini-yi maʿrifat. Qom: Raja Cultural Publications.
Javadi Amoli, Abdollah. 1384 Sh. Maʿrifatshināsī dar Qurʾān. Qom: Esra.
Javadi Amoli, Abdollah. 1386 Sh. Manzilat-i ʿaql dar hindisi-yi maʿrifat-i dīnī. Qom: Esra.
Khosropanah, Abdolhossein. 1382 Sh. Gustari-yi sharīʿat. Qom: Maaref.
Lāhījī, ʿAbd al-Razzāq. 1373 AH. Gawhar-i Murād. Tehran: Ministry of Islamic Guidance and Culture.
Mesbah Yazdi, Mohammad Taghi. 1380 Sh. Chikīdaʾī az andīshi-hāyi bunyādīn-i Islāmī. Qom: Imam Khomeini Education and Research Institute.
Naderi Ghohfarrokhi, Hamid. 1389 Sh. “Naqd va maʿrifī-yi Ravishshināsī va girāyishshināsī-yi tafsīr-i Aḍwāʾ al-bayān.” Bayyināt, no. 67, 98–122.
Rabbani Golpayegani, Ali. 1378 Sh. “Maʿrifatshināsī-yi maʿrifat-i dīnī.” Nashriyyah-yi kalām-i Islāmī, no. 25.
Rashīd Riḍā, Muḥammad. 1997. Tafsīr al-Manār. Cairo: al-Hayʾah al-Miṣriyya.
Ṣadr, Sayyid Muḥammad Bāqir. 1410 AH. Durūs fī ʿilm al-uṣūl. Qom: Islamic Publishing Institute.
Ṣadrā, Ṣadr al-Dīn Muḥammad Shīrāzī. 1981. Al-Ḥikma al-mutaʿāliya fī al-asfār al-ʿaqlīya al-arbaʿa. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī.
Shinqiti, Muhammad Amin b. Muhammad Mukhtar. 1413 AH. Dafʿ īhām al-idṭirāb ʿan āyāt al-Qurʾān. Cairo: Maktabat Ibn Taymiyya.
Shinqiti, Muhammad Amin b. Muhammad Mukhtar. 1415 AH. Aḍwāʾ al-bayān fī īḍāḥ al-Qurʾān biʾl-Qurʾān. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr.
Sobhani, Jafar. 1382 Sh. Shinākht dar falsafi-yi Islāmī. Qom: Imam Sadiq Institute.
Sobhani, Jafar. 1413 AH. Al-Ilāhiyyāt ʿalā hudā al-kitāb waʾl-sunnah waʾl-ʿaql. Qom: Imam Sadiq Institute.
Ṭabāṭabāʾī, Sayyid Muḥammad Ḥusayn. 1354 Sh. Al-Mīzān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya.