Time of Ownership of the Mozareb (Agent) over the Profit from the Perspective of Jurisprudential Denominations

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Islamic Jurisprudence and Law, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

2 Master's Student in Islamic Jurisprudence and Law, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

Abstract

If the contract of mozarebah is absolute in terms of the time of ownership of the agent over the profit, Islamic jurists have expressed different views regarding the time of ownership of the agent over the earned profit; 1. Ownership after earning profit 2. Ownership after division of shares 3. Ownership after conversion of property into money. Most Imami, Hanbali, and Hanafi jurists believe that as soon as the profit arises, mozareb (agent) becomes the owner of its share, although this ownership will be shaky. To prove their claim, this group provides various arguments such as the absoluteness of the narrations concerning the partnership of agents and owners in the profit, the prevention of unknown ownership of the profit, the requirements of initial terms and conditions between mozarebah correspondents, the requirement of the partnership aspect of mozarebah, the explicitness of Muhammad ibn Gheys's narration, concomitance between the establishment of the right to claim the division of shares with the acquisition of previous ownership, ijma (consensus) and qiyas (deductive analogy). On the other hand, the majority of Shafei jurists have chosen the second view based on arguments such as the legality of the debt contract, the preservation of capital by interest, the reliance of profit ownership on the permission of the partner and the incompleteness of the mozarebah contract before the division of property. Assuming that the profit is imaginary before liquidation, most of the Maleki jurists have also voted for the acquisition of ownership after Enzaz i.e. conversion of the profit into the common currency and its liquidation. This issue entails very important jurisprudential consequences such as the validity or invalidity of the purchase of a part of mozarebah property by the agent, the obligation of khoms (one-fifth of annual surplus income), zakat (almsgiving) and affordability. The findings of the present study, which is done by descriptive-analytical method based on library sources, shows the correctness of the view of ownership acquisition after the profit arises.

Keywords

References

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